Common mode inductors, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito posinthira magetsi pamakompyuta kuti azisefera ma sign amtundu wamba wamagetsi. Pamapangidwe a bolodi, makina ojambulira wamba amatenganso gawo la kusefa kwa EMI, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kupondereza ma radiation akunja ndi kutulutsa kwa mafunde amagetsi opangidwa ndi mizere yothamanga kwambiri.
Monga chigawo chofunikira cha maginito maginito, ma inductors amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagetsi apamagetsi. Ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri makamaka pamabwalo amagetsi. Monga ma electromagnetic relays mu zida zowongolera mafakitale ndi mita yamagetsi yamagetsi (watt-hour metre) mumakina amagetsi. Zosefera pazolowera ndi zotuluka kumapeto kwa zida zosinthira magetsi, ma tuner pa TV yolandila ndi kutumizira malekezero, ndi zina zotere ndizosasiyanitsidwa ndi ma inductors. Ntchito zazikuluzikulu za ma inductors muzitsulo zamagetsi ndi: kusungirako mphamvu, kusefa, kutsamwitsa, resonance, etc. M'mabwalo amagetsi, popeza mabwalo amakumana ndi kutengera mphamvu kwa mafunde akuluakulu kapena ma voltages apamwamba, ma inductors nthawi zambiri amakhala "mtundu wa mphamvu".
Ndendende chifukwa chowongolera mphamvu ndi chosiyana ndi chowongolera chaching'ono chopangira ma siginecha, topology yamagetsi osinthira ndi yosiyana panthawi ya mapangidwe, ndipo njira yopangira imakhalanso ndi zofunikira zake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta kupanga.Ma inductorsm'mabwalo apano amagetsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kusefa, kusungirako mphamvu, kusamutsa mphamvu, ndi kukonza zinthu zamagetsi. Mapangidwe a inductor amakhudza mbali zambiri za chidziwitso monga chiphunzitso cha electromagnetic, zida zamaginito, ndi malamulo achitetezo. Okonza amafunika kumvetsetsa bwino momwe ntchito zimagwirira ntchito ndi zofunikira za parameter (monga zamakono, magetsi, mafupipafupi, kukwera kwa kutentha, katundu wakuthupi, etc.) kuti apange zisankho. Kapangidwe koyenera kwambiri.
Mitundu ya inductors:
Ma inductors amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana kutengera malo awo ogwiritsira ntchito, kapangidwe kazinthu, mawonekedwe, kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi zina zambiri. Pakusintha magetsi, ma inductors amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:
Normal Mode Choke
Power Factor Correction - PFC Choke
Cross-linked inductor (Coupler Choke)
Inductor yosungiramo mphamvu (Smooth Choke)
Koyilo ya Magnetic amplifier (MAG AMP Coil)
Ma inductors amtundu wamba amafunikira kuti ma coil awiriwa akhale ndi mtengo wofanana wa inductance, inductance yofanana, ndi zina zotero, kotero kuti ma inductors amtunduwu amatengera mapangidwe ofananira, ndipo mawonekedwe awo amakhala TOROID, UU, ET ndi mawonekedwe ena.
Momwe ma inductors wamba amagwirira ntchito:
Common mode sefa inductor amatchedwanso wamba mode choke koyilo (pambuyo pake amatchedwa wamba mode inductor kapena CM.M.Choke) kapena Line Fyuluta.
Ma inductors amtundu wamba amafunikira kuti ma coil awiriwa akhale ndi mtengo wofanana wa inductance, inductance yofanana, ndi zina zotero, kotero kuti ma inductors amtunduwu amatengera mapangidwe ofananira, ndipo mawonekedwe awo amakhala TOROID, UU, ET ndi mawonekedwe ena.
Momwe ma inductors wamba amagwirira ntchito:
Common mode sefa inductor amatchedwanso wamba mode choke koyilo (pambuyo pake amatchedwa wamba mode inductor kapena CM.M.Choke) kapena Line Fyuluta.
Mukusintha magetsi, chifukwa cha kusintha kofulumira kwa magetsi kapena magetsi mu diode yokonzanso, fyuluta capacitor ndi inductor, magwero osokoneza ma electromagnetic (phokoso) amapangidwa. Pa nthawi yomweyi, palinso phokoso lapamwamba la harmonic kupatula mafupipafupi amagetsi mumagetsi opangira magetsi. Ngati zosokoneza izi sizikuchotsedwa, Kuponderezedwa kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa zida zonyamula katundu kapena magetsi osinthira okha. Chifukwa chake, mabungwe oyang'anira chitetezo m'maiko angapo apereka malamulo okhudza kutulutsa kwamagetsi amagetsi (EMI).
malamulo oyendetsera zinthu. Pakadali pano, kusinthasintha kwamagetsi osinthira magetsi kukuchulukirachulukira, ndipo EMI ikukula kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, zosefera za EMI ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa posinthira magetsi. Zosefera za EMI ziyenera kupondereza zonse zomwe zili bwino komanso phokoso wamba kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zina. muyezo. Fyuluta yanthawi zonse imakhala ndi udindo wosefa chizindikiro chosokoneza chosiyana pakati pa mizere iwiri yolowera kapena kumapeto, ndipo fyuluta wamba ndiyomwe imayang'anira kusefa chizindikiro chosokoneza wamba pakati pa mizere iwiriyi. Ma inductors enieni amtunduwu amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu: AC CM.M.CHOKE; DC CM.M.CHOKE ndi SIGNAL CM.M.CHOKE chifukwa cha malo osiyanasiyana ogwira ntchito. Ayenera kusiyanitsa popanga kapena posankha. Koma mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ndi yofanana ndendende, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi (1):
Monga momwe chithunzichi chikusonyezera, ma seti awiri a ma koyilo omwe ali ndi mbali zosiyana amapangidwa pa mphete imodzi ya maginito. Malinga ndi lamulo la dzanja lamanja la spiral chubu, pamene voteji yosiyana ndi polarity yosiyana ndi matalikidwe a chizindikiro chomwecho amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo olowera A ndi B, Pamene , pali i2 yamakono yomwe ikuwonetsedwa mu mzere wolimba, ndi maginito othamanga. Φ2 yowonetsedwa pamzere wolimba imapangidwa mu maginito pachimake. Malingana ngati maginito awiriwa ali ofanana, maginito amasinthasintha mbali ziwiri zosiyana za maginito pachimake zimathetsana. Kuthamanga kwa maginito onse ndi zero, coil inductance pafupifupi zero, ndipo palibe chosokoneza pa siginecha yanthawi zonse. Ngati siginecha wamba yokhala ndi polarity yofanana ndi matalikidwe ofanana agwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo olowera A ndi B, padzakhala i1 yamakono yowonetsedwa ndi mzere wamadontho, ndipo maginito Φ1 owonetsedwa ndi mzere wamadontho adzapangidwa mu maginito. pachimake, ndiye maginito flux pachimake adzakhala Adzakhala ndi malangizo ofanana ndi kulimbikitsana wina ndi mzake, kotero kuti inductance mtengo wa koyilo aliyense ndi kawiri pamene alipo yekha, ndi XL = ωL. Chifukwa chake, coil ya njira yokhotakhota iyi imakhala ndi mphamvu yopondereza kwambiri pakusokoneza wamba.
Fyuluta yeniyeni ya EMI imapangidwa ndi L ndi C. Popanga mapangidwe, njira zosiyanitsira ndi maulendo ophatikizira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa (monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 2). Choncho, mapangidwewo ayenera kutengera kukula kwa fyuluta capacitor ndi malamulo otetezeka ofunikira. Miyezo imapanga zisankho pazabwino za inductor.
Pachithunzichi, L1, L2, ndi C1 zimapanga zosefera zanthawi zonse, ndipo L3, C2, ndi C3 zimapanga fyuluta wamba.
Kupanga kwa Common Mode Inductor
Musanapange chojambulira wamba, choyamba onetsetsani kuti koyiloyo iyenera kutsatira mfundo izi:
1 > Pantchito yabwinobwino, maginito pachimake sichidzakhutitsidwa chifukwa chamagetsi apano.
2> Iyenera kukhala ndi cholepheretsa chachikulu chokwanira cha zizindikiro zowonongeka zowonongeka, bandwidth inayake, ndi kulepheretsa kochepa kwa chizindikiro chamakono pa nthawi yogwira ntchito.
3 > Kutentha kwa kutentha kwa inductor kuyenera kukhala kochepa, ndipo mphamvu yogawidwa iyenera kukhala yaying'ono.
4> DC kukana kuyenera kukhala kochepa momwe mungathere.
5> Induction inductance iyenera kukhala yayikulu momwe mungathere, ndipo mtengo wa inductance uyenera kukhala wokhazikika.
6 > Kutsekemera pakati pa windings kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za chitetezo.
Njira zopangira ma Common mode inductor:
Khwerero 0 Kupeza kwa SPEC: EMI yololedwa mulingo, malo ogwiritsira ntchito.
Gawo 1 Dziwani mtengo wa inductance.
Khwerero 2 Zomwe zili pachimake ndi mafotokozedwe zimatsimikiziridwa.
Khwerero 3 Dziwani kuchuluka kwa makhoti okhotakhota ndi ma waya awiri.
Khwerero 4 Kuzindikira
Gawo 5 Mayeso
Zitsanzo za mapangidwe
Khwerero 0: EMI fyuluta dera monga momwe chithunzi 3
CX = 1.0 Uf Cy = 3300PF EMI mlingo: Fcc Kalasi B
Mtundu: Ac Common Mode Choke
Gawo 1: Dziwani za inductance (L):
Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera pazithunzi zozungulira kuti chizindikiro chamtundu wamba chimaponderezedwa ndi fyuluta wamba yopangidwa ndi L3, C2, ndi C3. M'malo mwake, L3, C2, ndi C3 amapanga mabwalo awiri a LC, omwe amamva phokoso la mizere ya L ndi N motsatana. Malingana ngati mafupipafupi odulidwa a fyuluta atsimikiziridwa ndipo capacitance C imadziwika, inductance L ingapezeke mwa njira yotsatirayi.
fo= 1/(2π√LC)L → 1/(2πfo)2C
Nthawi zambiri bandwidth yoyeserera ya EMI imakhala motere:
Kusokoneza kwachitika: 150KHZ → 30MHZ (Dziwani: VDE muyezo 10KHZ – 30M)
Kusokoneza kwa radiation: 30MHZ 1GHZ
Zosefera zenizeni sizingakwaniritse mayendedwe otsetsereka a fyuluta yoyenera, ndipo mafupipafupi a cutoff amatha kukhazikitsidwa mozungulira 50KHZ. Apa, kutengera fo = 50KHZ, ndiye
L =1/(2πfo)2C = 1/ [( 2*3.14*50000)2 *3300*10-12] = 3.07mH
L1, L2, ndi C1 zimapanga (zotsika-pass) zosefera wamba. Kuthekera kwapakati pa mizere ndi 1.0uF, kotero njira yodziwika bwino ndiyo:
L = 1/ [( 2*3.14*50000)2 *1*10-6] = 10.14uH
Mwanjira iyi, mtengo wofunikira wa inductance ukhoza kupezeka. Ngati mukufuna kupeza ma frequency otsika a fo, mutha kukulitsa mtengo wa inductance. Mafupipafupi odulira nthawi zambiri amakhala osachepera 10KHZ. Mwachidziwitso, kukweza kwa inductance, kumapangitsa kuti EMI kupondereza bwino, koma kutsika kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti mafupipafupi a cutoff achepetse, ndipo fyuluta yeniyeniyo imatha kukwaniritsa burodibandi inayake, yomwe imapangitsa kuti phokoso la phokoso likhale loipitsitsa (nthawi zambiri). Chigawo cha phokoso chamagetsi osinthira ndi pafupifupi 5 ~ 10MHZ, koma pali zochitika zomwe zimadutsa 10MHZ). Kuonjezera apo, kumtunda kwa inductance, kumapangitsanso kutembenuka kumakhala, kapena kukweza kwa ui wa CORE, zomwe zidzachititsa kuti kuchepa kwafupipafupi kuchuluke (DCR imakhala yaikulu). Pamene chiwerengero cha kutembenuka chikuwonjezeka, mphamvu yogawidwa ikuwonjezeka (monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 4), kulola kuti mafunde onse apamwamba azitha kudutsa mu mphamvu iyi. UI yokwera kwambiri imapangitsa CORE kukhutitsidwa mosavuta, komanso ndizovuta komanso zodula kupanga.
Gawo 2 Dziwani za CORE ndi SIZE
Kuchokera pamapangidwe apamwambawa, titha kudziwa kuti chojambulira wamba chimafunika kukhala chovuta kukhutitsa, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kusankha zinthu zomwe zili ndi gawo lotsika la BH. Chifukwa mtengo wokwera wa inductance ukufunika, mtengo wa ui wa maginito uyeneranso kukhala wokwera, komanso uyeneranso kukhala Ndi kutayika kwapakatikati komanso mtengo wapamwamba wa B, Mn-Zn ferrite material CORE pakadali pano ndiye zinthu zoyenera kwambiri za CORE zomwe zimakwaniritsa pamwamba zofunika.
Palibe malamulo ena pa COEE SIZE panthawi yopanga. M'malo mwake, zimangofunika kukwaniritsa inductance yofunikira ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa zomwe zidapangidwa mkati mwazovomerezeka zotayika zotsika.
Choncho, zinthu za CORE ndi kutulutsa SIZE ziyenera kufufuzidwa potengera mtengo, kutayika kovomerezeka, malo oyika, ndi zina zotero. Mtengo wa CORE womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri wa inductors wamba uli pakati pa 2000 ndi 10000. Iron Powder Core imakhalanso ndi chitsulo chochepa, Bs yapamwamba ndi yochepa. Chiŵerengero cha BH, koma ui wake ndi wochepa, choncho nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ndi ma inductors, koma mtundu uwu wa core ndi umodzi mwa ma inductors wamba. Zida zokonda.
Khwerero 3 Dziwani kuchuluka kwa makhoti N ndi mawaya awiri dw
Choyamba dziwani zofunikira za CORE. Mwachitsanzo, mu chitsanzo ichi, T18*10*7, A10, AL = 8230±30%, ndiye:
N = √L / AL = √(3.07*106 ) / (8230*70%) = 23 TS
Ma waya awiriwa amatengera kachulukidwe kameneka ka 3 ~ 5A/mm2. Ngati malo amalola, kachulukidwe kameneka kakhoza kusankhidwa mochepa momwe mungathere. Tangoganizani kuti zolowetsa panopa I = 1.2A mu chitsanzo ichi, tengani J = 4 A/mm2
Ndiye Aw = 1.2 / 4 = 0.3 mm2 Φ0.70 mm
Inductor yeniyeni wamba iyenera kuyesedwa kudzera mu zitsanzo zenizeni kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika kwa mapangidwewo, chifukwa kusiyana kwa njira zopangira kumapangitsanso kusiyana kwa magawo a inductor ndikukhudza zotsatira zosefera. Mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu yogawidwa kumayambitsa phokoso lapamwamba. Zosavuta kufalitsa. Asymmetry ya ma windings awiriwa imapangitsa kusiyana kwa inductance pakati pa magulu awiriwa kukhala okulirapo, kupanga cholepheretsa china ku chizindikiro chodziwika bwino.
Fotokozerani mwachidule
1 > Ntchito ya common mode inductor ndikusefa phokoso wamba pamzere. Kapangidwe kameneka kamafuna kuti ma windings awiriwa akhale ndi mawonekedwe osakanikirana ndi magetsi omwewo.
2 > Mphamvu yogawidwa ya inductor wamba imakhala ndi vuto loletsa kupondereza phokoso lapamwamba ndipo liyenera kuchepetsedwa.
3 > Mtengo wa inductance wa common mode inductor umagwirizana ndi phokoso la frequency band lomwe limayenera kusefedwa komanso mphamvu yofananira. Mtengo wa inductance nthawi zambiri umakhala pakati pa 2mH ~ 50 mH.
Gwero la nkhani: Zosindikizidwanso kuchokera pa intaneti
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