Sitima yapamtunda yothamanga kwambiri ku Shanghai ndi ya TR08 maglev yochokera ku Germany, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito injini yayitali yolumikizana komanso yoyendera mosalekeza. Njira yake yopangira mphamvu zamagetsi ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 1, ndipo ili ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu monga chosinthira chamagetsi (110kv/20kv), chosinthira cholowetsa, chosinthira cholowetsa, chosinthira, ndi chosinthira chotulutsa.
Dongosolo lamagetsi otengera mphamvu ya sitima ya maglev amasinthidwa kuchoka pa 110kv grid voltage kupita ku 20kv kudzera pa transfoma yothamanga kwambiri, kenako amasinthidwa kukhala magetsi a DC a ± 2500v ndi chosinthira cholowetsa ndi chosinthira. Mphamvu yamagetsi ya DC yochokera ku ulalo wa DC imasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ya magawo atatu a AC yokhala ndi ma frequency osinthika (0~300Hz), matalikidwe osinthika (0~×4.3kv), ndi mbali yosinthika (0~360°) ndi magawo atatu. - point inverter.Chosinthira masitima apamtunda wa maglev chili ndi njira ziwiri zogwirira ntchito:
(1) Kutulutsa kwachindunji kwa inverter pulse m'lifupi kusinthasintha ndi njira yotuluka pamene galimoto imagwira ntchito pafupipafupi, ndikusintha pafupipafupi kwa 0 ~ 70Hz. Panthawiyi, magulu awiri a ma inverters atatu amagwirizanitsidwa mofanana, ndipo zotulukazo zimagwirizanitsidwa kudzera mumphepo yoyamba ya transformer yotuluka monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1. parallel balancing riyakitala, komanso imagwira ntchito yosefera.
(2) Transformer linanena bungwe mode ndi linanena bungwe akafuna pamene galimoto ntchito pafupipafupi mkulu, ndi pafupipafupi kusintha 30Hz ~ 300Hz. Panthawiyi, ma seti awiri a ma inverters mu chosinthira chachikulu cholumikizira amalumikizidwa motsatizana ndi mbali yayikulu ya chosinthira chotulutsa, ndipo zotulutsa zimatuluka pambuyo poti chosinthira chiwonjezeke voteji.
Kusintha kwa EFD EI transformer Mtengo wa PQ
3.1 Chosinthira cholowetsa
Gawo lakutsogolo la chosinthira cholowera chimakhala ndi chosinthira chamagetsi apamwamba komanso chosinthira cholowetsa. Transformer yolowera imakhala ndi ma rectifier awiri, omwe ntchito yawo ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi kudzera pa transformer yachiwiri ndikuitumiza ku chosinthira cholowetsa. Kwa ma transfoma akulu akulu-voltage rectifier, kuti athandizire kukonza bwino, ma seti awiri a 6-pulse rectifier milatho amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Seti iliyonse ya ma rectifier transfoma imayendetsedwa ndi ma seti awiri a magawo atatu, mphambano imodzi ndi d imodzi. Dongosolo la static converter limatengera chiwembu cha ma transfoma atatu omwe ali ndi gawo limodzi la magawo atatu, omwe amalumikizidwa kuti apange y/y, d group rectifier transformer scheme yomwe ikuwonetsedwa pachithunzi 2 kudzera pamalumikizidwe okhazikika amtundu uliwonse. Ubwino wake waukulu ndi:
(1) Kuthekera kocheperako, kopanda ndalama zambiri;
(2) Small single mphamvu, zosavuta kukwaniritsa zofunika mayendedwe kwa chipangizo kukula;
(3) Mapiritsi atatu amatha kukonzedwa pamzati womwewo, womwe umathandizira kuchepetsa kutayika kwa harmonic kwa thiransifoma.
Kuti muwongolere voteji ya DC yolumikizira dera lapakati ndikuchepetsa kusangalatsa kwa gululi, chowongolera chilichonse chimapangidwa ndi mlatho wowongolera magawo asanu ndi limodzi wa magawo atatu ndi mlatho wowongolera wa magawo atatu. mndandanda, monga momwe tawonetsera mu Chithunzi 2. Mwanjira iyi, magulu awiri okonzanso amagwirizanitsidwa mndandanda, ndipo mfundo yapakati imakhazikitsidwa kupyolera mu kukana kwakukulu (monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1), kupanga maulendo atatu omwe angathe kugwirizanitsa dera la DC. . Magetsi a ulalo wa DC amatha kuwongolera, kuyambira 2 × 1500V mpaka 2 × 2500V, ndipo ovotera pano ndi 3200A. Kuti mupeze yosalala ya DC yapano, chowongolera chowongolera chimalumikizidwa mndandanda wapakatikati. Pa nthawi yomweyo, pofuna kupewa rectifier mlatho ndi DC ulalo kuti overvoltage, DC mbali overvoltage chitetezo anatengera. Mu DC ulalo wapakati dera, pali thyristors ndi mkulu-mphamvu resistors ndi kutulutsa chitetezo ngati DC mbali mayamwidwe zipangizo kupondereza overvoltage. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo lapakati la ulalo wa DC wa dera lapakati limakhazikitsidwa kudzera pakutetezedwa kwakukulu ndipo lili ndi chiwonetsero chazolakwika.
3.2 Inverter yoyendetsa
(1) Inverter kapangidwe
Kapangidwe ka gawo limodzi mu inverter ya magawo atatu a Sitima ya Maglev ya Shanghai ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 3. Chubu chachikulu chimatenga chipangizo chowongolera zonse cha GTO. Dera lalikulu limatenga machubu akulu awiri motsatizana okhala ndi diode yothirira pakatikati. Derali limatchedwanso ma inverter atatu (kapena atatu-level midpoint embedded) inverter. Izi zitha kuchepetsa chubu chachikulu kupirira voteji ndi theka. Nthawi yomweyo, pansi pa ma frequency omwewo komanso kuwongolera, ma harmonics ake otulutsa voteji kapena apano ndi ocheperako kuposa magawo awiri, ndipo ma voliyumu wamba omwe amapangidwa ndi voteji kumapeto kwa injini nawonso amakhala ochepa. , zomwe zimapindulitsa kuwonjezera moyo wautumiki wa injini.
Machubu anayi akulu a gawo lililonse la mkono wa mlatho amakhala ndi zophatikizira zitatu zosiyana, ndikutulutsa ma voltages osiyanasiyana motsatana (onani Gulu 1). Mphamvu yapamwamba ya GTO yayikulu ndi 4.5kV, ndipo nsonga yapamwamba ndi 4.3ka. Inverter ya mfundo zitatu imafuna kuti V1 ndi V4 yayikulu isatsegulidwe nthawi imodzi, ndipo mphamvu zowongolera za V1 ndi V3, V2 ndi V4 ndizosiyana. Kuonjezera apo, kutembenuka kwakukulu pamwamba pa-off kuyenera kutsata mfundo yoyamba ndikupitirira.
Inverter yamagulu atatu imapangidwa pamaziko a inverter yamitundu iwiri. Kukhazikitsidwa kwaukadaulo wowongolera okhwima wa inverter yamitundu iwiri mu inverter yamitundu itatu yapanga njira zosiyanasiyana zowongolera inverter. Pakali pano, njira zowongolera zokhwima zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma inverters a magawo atatu ndi awa: njira imodzi yowongolera kugunda kwamtima, kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwapawiri kowongolera mafunde a SPWM, njira yowongolera ya 120 ° conduction PWM, 90 ° gawo lopumira la PWM, njira yosalowerera ndale. kupondereza PWM kulamulira njira, kusintha pafupipafupi mulingo woyenera kwambiri PWM kulamulira njira, yeniyeni otsika-kuti harmonic kuchotsa njira (SHEPWM), atatu mlingo inverter voteji danga vekitala njira (SVPWM) ndi ndale mfundo angathe kupatuka kupondereza voteji danga vekitala njira kulamulira [2,3] ].
(2) GTO pagalimoto dera
High-mphamvu GTO galimoto dera ayenera choyamba kuthetsa mavuto kudzipatula ndi odana kusokoneza. Choyambitsa kugunda chizindikiro cha GTO mu main traction inverter wa Shanghai Maglev Sitima imafalitsidwa ndi kuwala CHIKWANGWANI chingwe, kotero mavuto kudzipatula ndi odana kusokoneza amathetsedwa, potero kuonetsetsa kulondola kwa GTO kuyambitsa zimachitika ndi mosalunjika kuonetsetsa chitetezo galimoto Maglev. Sitima. Kuphatikiza apo, fungulo loti dera lamphamvu kwambiri la GTO litha kugwira ntchito nthawi zambiri lili mumagetsi. Kuthamanga kwa GTO gate trigger pulse kuyenera kukhala kokwera mokwanira, ndipo m'mphepete mwake muyenera kukhala otsetsereka, pomwe m'mphepete mwake muyenera kukhala ocheperako. Kuti mukwaniritse izi, magetsi oyendetsa chipata cha GTO mu inverter yayikulu ya Maglev Train ndi 45V / 27A, ndipo chizindikiro cham'mphepete ndi chizindikiro chamagetsi cha GTO trigger pulse zimatumizidwanso ku dongosolo lowongolera. Kuphatikiza apo, inverter yayikulu ya Sitimayi ya Maglev ya Shanghai imatenga zodzitchinjiriza zosiyanasiyana: kutetezedwa kwamphamvu kwa ma brake circuit breaker, malire apano achitetezo, kusokonezeka kwa kugunda kwamtima komanso kuzindikira kulakwa kwapansi.
(3) Mayamwidwe dera
Pali mayamwidwe ambiri a GTO. Dongosolo loyamwa la inverter yayikulu yamagawo atatu a Sitima ya Maglev ya Shanghai ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 3. Dera loyamwitsa liyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti di/dt ndi du/dt za GTO sizikupitilira zovomerezeka zomwe zatchulidwa. ntchito. Mwa njira iyi, dera loyamwitsa la GTO liyenera kukhala ndi inductor ndi capacitor C. Mu chithunzi 3, inductors L1, L2 ndi GTO zimagwirizanitsidwa mndandanda kuti achepetse di / dt ya GTO. Ma diode D11, D12, resistor R1 ndi inductor L1 amapanga gawo lotulutsa mphamvu la inductor palokha. Ma capacitor C11 ndi C12 amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa du/dt ya GTO, ndipo ma diode D12 ndi D13 amapanga gawo lotulutsa mphamvu la capacitor. Poyerekeza ndi RCD mayamwidwe dera, pamwamba mayamwidwe dera akuwonjezera lalikulu capacitor C12, kotero kutembenuka mayamwidwe capacitor C11 ndi theka la capacitance mtengo wa RCD mayamwidwe dera, kotero kutayika kumachepetsanso theka; nthawi yomweyo, capacitor C12 amasewera voteji clamping udindo, amene ntchito kupondereza kutembenukira kuzimitsa overvoltage wa GTO. Kwa inverter ya 1500kva, kutayika kwa dera loyamwitsali kuli pafupifupi kofanana ndi dera loyamwitsa la asymmetric.
Mtundu wa ER Transformer Coupling mtundu wa transformer 5V-36V Ferrite Core Transformer
4 Mapeto
Dongosolo lamagetsi lamagetsi la Shanghai masitima othamanga kwambiri a Maglev ali ndi izi:
(1) Imatengera injini yothamanga kwambiri yofananira ndi ma synchronous motor. Njira yonse yoperekera mphamvu zamagetsi imayikidwa pansi ndipo sichimangokhala ndi malo a galimoto ya galimoto, yomwe imagwirizana kwambiri ndi njira yopangira mphamvu zitatu;
(2) Iwo utenga mfundo ndale clamped atatu mlingo Converter luso zoyenera mkulu-voteji ndi mkulu-mphamvu nthawi, kupewa mwachindunji mndandanda kugwirizana GTO thyristors, kuti mphamvu ya mkulu-mphamvu mphamvu zipangizo zamagetsi angagwiritsidwe ntchito mokwanira;
(3) Ma seti awiri a milatho yosinthika ya 12-pulse rectifier amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chosinthira cholowera, chomwe sichimangochepetsa ma harmonics ndi kusokoneza, komanso kupondereza kupatuka kwa kuthekera kwapakati;
(4) Ma Thyristors ndi ma GTO amagwiritsa ntchito zingwe za fiber optical kuti atumize zizindikiro za pulse, zomwe zimakhala ndi ntchito yotsutsana ndi kusokoneza. Njira yoyendetsera magetsi ndi ma traction ndi imodzi mwamakiyi owongolera magwiridwe antchito otetezeka ndi okhazikika a sitima za maglev. Mfundo yake ndi kapangidwe kake zimafunikira kufufuza kwina ndi kusanthula.
Zhongshan XuanGe Electronics Co., Ltd. ndi opanga okhazikika mu R&D, kupanga ndi kugulitsaotsika ndi otsika pafupipafupi thiransifoma, ma inductorsndiZida zamagetsi zamagetsi za LED.
Kampaniyo inachokera ku Shenzhen, kutsogolo kwa kusintha kwa China ndikutsegula, ndipo inakhazikitsidwa mu 2009. Kwa zaka zambiri, takhala tikukula ndikukula. Pofika chaka cha 2024, tili ndi zaka 15 zopanga ma transfoma othamanga kwambiri, ndipo luso lathu laukadaulo lapanga XuanGe Electronics kukhala ndi mbiri yabwino m'misika yam'nyumba ndi yakunja.
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William (General Sales Manager)
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Nthawi yotumiza: May-30-2024