Kusintha kwa kaphatikizidwe kamagetsi + kusanthula zojambulajambula (Gawo 2)

(A) Mfundo yophatikizika yosinthira magetsi

1.1 Malo olowera

Linear fyuluta circuit, surge current kupondereza dera, rectifier circuit.
Ntchito: Sinthani magetsi a gridi ya AC kukhala magetsi olowera a DC amagetsi osinthira omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira.
1.1.1 Linear fyuluta yozungulira
Pewani ma harmonics ndi phokoso
1.1.2 Surge fyuluta yozungulira
Pewani kuthamanga kwamagetsi kuchokera pa gridi
1.1.3 Rectifier circuit
Sinthani AC kukhala DC
Pali mitundu iwiri: mtundu wolowetsa capacitor ndi mtundu wolowetsa wa coil. Zambiri zosinthira magetsi ndi zakale

1.2 Kutembenuza dera

Muli kusintha dera, linanena bungwe kudzipatula (wotembenuza) dera, etc. Ndi njira yaikulu kwakusintha magetsikutembenuka, ndikumaliza kusinthika kwamtundu ndi kutulutsa kwa mawonekedwe amagetsi amagetsi ndi mphamvu.
Chubu chamagetsi chosinthira pamlingo uwu ndiye chida chake chachikulu.

1.2.1 Kusintha dera
Kuyendetsa galimoto: kudzikonda, kusangalala kunja
Kutembenuka kwa dera: kwakutali, osadzipatula, kumveka
Zida zamagetsi: Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi GTR, MOSFET, IGBT
Modulation mode: PWM, PFM, ndi wosakanizidwa. PWM ndiyomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
1.2.2 Kutulutsa kwa Converter
Amagawidwa mu shaft-free ndi shaft-with. Palibe shaft yofunikira pakuwongolera mafunde a theka ndi kukonzanso kwapawiri. Shaft imafunika kuti igwire mwamphamvu.

1.3 Kuwongolera kuzungulira

Perekani ma modulated amakona anayi pulses kwa galimoto dera kusintha linanena bungwe voteji.

Reference circuit: Perekani mareferensi amagetsi. Monga zofananira zofananira LM358, AD589, zolozera za AD581, REF192, ndi zina.

Sampling circuit: Tengani zonse kapena gawo la voliyumu yotulutsa.

Kuyerekeza kukulitsa: Fananizani siginecha yachitsanzo ndi siginecha yolozera kuti mupange chizindikiro cholakwika pakuwongolera gawo lamagetsi la PM.

Kutembenuka kwa V / F: Sinthani siginecha yolakwika kukhala ma frequency.

Oscillator: Pangani mafunde apamwamba kwambiri oscillation

Base drive circuit: Sinthani siginecha ya oscillation modulated kukhala siginecha yoyenera yowongolera kuti muyendetse maziko a chubu chosinthira.

1.4 Kutulutsa kozungulira

Kukonza ndi kusefa
Konzani voteji yotulutsa kukhala pulsating DC ndikuyatsa mumagetsi otsika a DC. Ukadaulo wowongolera zotulutsa tsopano uli ndi theka-wave, wave wave, mphamvu yosalekeza, kuwirikiza kwamakono, synchronous ndi njira zina zowongolera.

(B) Kusanthula kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagetsi yamagetsi

2.1 Buck Converter
Buck circuit: Buck chopper, zolowetsa ndi zotulutsa polarity ndizofanana.
Popeza volt-wachiwiri mankhwala a inductor mlandu ndi kukhetsa ndi ofanana mu chikhalidwe, athandizira voteji Ui, linanena bungwe voteji Uo; Chifukwa chake:
(Ui-Uo)ton=Uotoff
Uiton-Uoton=Uo*toff
Ui*ton=Uo(ton+toff)
Uo/Ui=ton/(ton+toff)=▲
Ndiye kuti, mgwirizano wolowera ndi wotuluka ndi:
Uo/Ui=▲ (nthawi yantchito)

Buck circuit topology

Pamene kusinthako kutsegulidwa, mphamvu yolowera imasefedwa ndi L inductor ndi C capacitor kuti apereke panopa kumapeto kwa katundu; pamene kusinthako kuzimitsidwa, L inductor ikupitiriza kuyenda mu diode kuti katunduyo apitirizebe. Mphamvu yotulutsa sichitha kupitilira mphamvu yamagetsi chifukwa cha ntchito yozungulira.

2.2 Boost Converter
Kulimbikitsa dera: kulimbikitsa chopper, zolowetsa ndi zotulutsa polarity ndizofanana.
Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomweyi, molingana ndi mfundo yakuti kulipiritsa ndi kutulutsa volt-second product of the inductor L ndi yofanana mokhazikika, mgwirizano wamagetsi ukhoza kutengedwa: Uo/Ui = 1/(1-▲）

Limbikitsani dera topology

Chosinthira chubu Q1 ndi katundu waderali amalumikizidwa molumikizana. Chubu chosinthira chikayatsidwa, chapano chimadutsa pa inductor L1 kuti chiwongolere mafunde, ndipo magetsi amalipiritsa inductor L1. Chubu chosinthiracho chikazimitsidwa, inductor L imatulutsa katundu ndi magetsi, ndipo voteji yotulutsa idzakhala magetsi olowera Ui + UL, motero imakhala ndi mphamvu.

2.3 Flyback Converter

Dera la Buck-Boost: Boost / Buck Chopper, kulowetsa ndi kutulutsa polarity ndizosiyana, ndipo inductor imafalikira.
Chiyanjano chamagetsi: Uo/Ui=-▲/(1-▲）

Buck-Boost Circuit Topology

S ikayatsidwa, mphamvu zonyamula katundu zimangotengera inductor. Pamene S yazimitsidwa, magetsi amatulutsidwa ku katundu kudzera mu inductor kuti akwaniritse kufalitsa mphamvu.
Choncho, L inductor apa ndi chipangizo chotumizira mphamvu.

(C) Minda yofunsira

Dongosolo losinthira magetsi lili ndi zabwino zambiri, kukula pang'ono, kulemera kopepuka, komanso voteji yokhazikika, motero imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazolumikizana, makompyuta, makina opanga mafakitale, zida zapakhomo ndi zina. Mwachitsanzo, m'munda wa makompyuta, mphamvu yosinthira magetsi yakhala yaikulu kwambiri yamagetsi apakompyuta, omwe amatha kuonetsetsa kuti zipangizo zamakompyuta zikugwira ntchito; m'munda wa mphamvu zatsopano, kusinthira magetsi kumagwiranso ntchito yofunika kwambiri ngati chipangizo chomwe chimatha kusintha mphamvu mokhazikika.

Mwachidule, kusintha kwa magetsi oyendetsa magetsi ndi njira yabwino komanso yodalirika yosinthira mphamvu. Mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito makamaka ndikusintha mphamvu yamagetsi yolowera kuti ikhale yokhazikika komanso yodalirika yamagetsi a DC kudzera pakusintha kosintha pafupipafupi komanso kusefa.